Which two kinds of information would best help describe the climate of Denver

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Which two kinds of information would best help describe the climate of Denver

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Which two kinds of information would best help describe the climate of Denver

In Denver, the summers are hot, the winters are very cold and snowy, and it is partly cloudy year round. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from -6°C to 31°C and is rarely below -15°C or above 36°C.

Based on the tourism score, the best time of year to visit Denver for warm-weather activities is from mid June to early September.

The hot season lasts for 3.2 months, from 7 June to 14 September, with an average daily high temperature above 27°C. The hottest month of the year in Denver is July, with an average high of 31°C and low of 17°C.

The cold season lasts for 3.5 months, from 19 November to 2 March, with an average daily high temperature below 12°C. The coldest month of the year in Denver is December, with an average low of -5°C and high of 8°C.

AverageJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
High 8°C9°C14°C18°C22°C29°C31°C30°C26°C19°C12°C8°C
Temp. 1°C2°C6°C10°C15°C21°C24°C23°C18°C11°C5°C0°C
Low -5°C-3°C0°C4°C9°C14°C17°C16°C11°C5°C-1°C-5°C

The figure below shows you a compact characterization of the entire year of hourly average temperatures. The horizontal axis is the day of the year, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the color is the average temperature for that hour and day.

Kırıkkale, Turkey (10,226 kilometres away) is the far-away foreign place with temperatures most similar to Denver (view comparison).

Which two kinds of information would best help describe the climate of Denver

Which two kinds of information would best help describe the climate of Denver

© Esri, et al.

In Denver, the average percentage of the sky covered by clouds experiences significant seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The clearer part of the year in Denver begins around 3 June and lasts for 5.0 months, ending around 2 November.

The clearest month of the year in Denver is September, during which on average the sky is clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 74% of the time.

The cloudier part of the year begins around 2 November and lasts for 7.0 months, ending around 3 June.

The cloudiest month of the year in Denver is March, during which on average the sky is overcast or mostly cloudy 46% of the time.

FractionJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Cloudier 41%44%46%46%43%30%30%32%26%31%39%41%
Clearer 59%56%54%54%57%70%70%68%74%69%61%59%

A wet day is one with at least 1 millimetre of liquid or liquid-equivalent precipitation. The chance of wet days in Denver varies throughout the year.

The wetter season lasts 5.2 months, from 1 April to 7 September, with a greater than 18% chance of a given day being a wet day. The month with the most wet days in Denver is July, with an average of 8.6 days with at least 1 millimetre of precipitation.

The drier season lasts 6.8 months, from 7 September to 1 April. The month with the fewest wet days in Denver is December, with an average of 2.0 days with at least 1 millimetre of precipitation.

Among wet days, we distinguish between those that experience rain alone, snow alone, or a mixture of the two. Based on this categorization, the most common form of precipitation in Denver changes throughout the year.

Rain alone is the most common for 9.1 months, from 17 February to 21 November. The month with the most days of rain alone in Denver is July, with an average of 8.6 days.

Snow alone is the most common for 2.9 months, from 21 November to 17 February. The month with the most days of snow alone in Denver is January, with an average of 1.2 days.

Days ofJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Rain 0.5d0.8d2.5d5.4d8.1d6.9d8.6d8.0d4.7d2.9d1.2d0.4d
Mixed 1.2d0.9d0.6d0.2d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.2d0.8d1.1d
Snow 0.4d0.6d1.1d0.9d0.1d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.1d0.6d0.9d0.4d
Any 2.1d2.3d4.2d6.5d8.2d6.9d8.6d8.0d4.8d3.7d3.0d2.0d

To show variation within the months and not just the monthly totals, we show the rainfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Denver experiences some seasonal variation in monthly rainfall.

The rainy period of the year lasts for 7.7 months, from 7 March to 31 October, with a sliding 31-day rainfall of at least 13 millimetres. The month with the most rain in Denver is May, with an average rainfall of 47 millimetres.

The rainless period of the year lasts for 4.3 months, from 31 October to 7 March. The month with the least rain in Denver is January, with an average rainfall of 2 millimetre.

Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Rainfall 2.0mm5.1mm15.7mm33.9mm47.0mm34.3mm38.1mm35.2mm25.4mm16.5mm8.4mm2.1mm

Snowfall

As with rainfall, we consider the snowfall accumulated over a sliding 31-day period centered around each day of the year. Denver experiences some seasonal variation in monthly snowfall.

The snowy period of the year lasts for 6.2 months, from 13 October to 20 April, with a sliding 31-day snowfall of at least 25 millimetres. The month with the most snow in Denver is December, with an average snowfall of 62 millimetres.

The snowless period of the year lasts for 5.8 months, from 20 April to 13 October. The least snow falls around 20 July, with an average total accumulation of 0 millimetres.

Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Snowfall 46.5mm47.7mm53.4mm33.3mm2.9mm0.0mm0.0mm0.0mm3.4mm29.2mm52.9mm61.7mm

The length of the day in Denver varies significantly over the course of the year. In 2022, the shortest day is 21 December, with 9 hours, 21 minutes of daylight; the longest day is 21 June, with 14 hours, 59 minutes of daylight.

Hours ofJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Daylight 9.7h10.7h12.0h13.3h14.4h14.9h14.6h13.6h12.4h11.1h10.0h9.4h

The earliest sunrise is at 5:31 am on 14 June, and the latest sunrise is 2 hours, 2 minutes later at 7:33 am on 5 November. The earliest sunset is at 4:35 pm on 7 December, and the latest sunset is 3 hours, 57 minutes later at 8:32 pm on 27 June.

Daylight saving time (DST) is observed in Denver during 2022, starting in the spring on 13 March, lasting 7.8 months, and ending in the fall on 6 November.

The figure below presents a compact representation of key lunar data for 2022. The horizontal axis is the day, the vertical axis is the hour of the day, and the colored areas indicate when the moon is above the horizon. The vertical gray bars (new Moons) and blue bars (full Moons) indicate key Moon phases.

We base the humidity comfort level on the dew point, as it determines whether perspiration will evaporate from the skin, thereby cooling the body. Lower dew points feel drier and higher dew points feel more humid. Unlike temperature, which typically varies significantly between night and day, dew point tends to change more slowly, so while the temperature may drop at night, a muggy day is typically followed by a muggy night.

The perceived humidity level in Denver, as measured by the percentage of time in which the humidity comfort level is muggy, oppressive, or miserable, does not vary significantly over the course of the year, remaining a virtually constant 0% throughout.

Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Muggy days 0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d0.0d

This section discusses the wide-area hourly average wind vector (speed and direction) at 10 metres above the ground. The wind experienced at any given location is highly dependent on local topography and other factors, and instantaneous wind speed and direction vary more widely than hourly averages.

The average hourly wind speed in Denver experiences mild seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The windier part of the year lasts for 5.4 months, from 19 November to 30 April, with average wind speeds of more than 13.4 kilometres per hour. The windiest month of the year in Denver is January, with an average hourly wind speed of 15.3 kilometres per hour.

The calmer time of year lasts for 6.6 months, from 30 April to 19 November. The calmest month of the year in Denver is August, with an average hourly wind speed of 11.3 kilometres per hour.

Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Wind Speed (kph) 15.314.914.714.312.712.011.711.311.712.213.214.3

The predominant average hourly wind direction in Denver is from the west throughout the year.

To characterize how pleasant the weather is in Denver throughout the year, we compute two travel scores.

The tourism score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 18°C and 27°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Denver for general outdoor tourist activities is from mid June to early September, with a peak score in the first week of July.

The beach/pool score favors clear, rainless days with perceived temperatures between 24°C and 32°C. Based on this score, the best time of year to visit Denver for hot-weather activities is from late June to mid August, with a peak score in the second week of July.

Methodology

For each hour between 8:00 am and 9:00 pm of each day in the analysis period (1980 to 2016), independent scores are computed for perceived temperature, cloud cover, and total precipitation. Those scores are combined into a single hourly composite score, which is then aggregated into days, averaged over all the years in the analysis period, and smoothed.

Our cloud cover score is 10 for fully clear skies, falling linearly to 9 for mostly clear skies, and to 1 for fully overcast skies.

Our precipitation score, which is based on the three-hour precipitation centered on the hour in question, is 10 for no precipitation, falling linearly to 9 for trace precipitation, and to 0 for 1 millimetre of precipitation or more.

Our tourism temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 10°C, rising linearly to 9 for 18°C, to 10 for 24°C, falling linearly to 9 for 27°C, and to 1 for 32°C or hotter.

Our beach/pool temperature score is 0 for perceived temperatures below 18°C, rising linearly to 9 for 24°C, to 10 for 28°C, falling linearly to 9 for 32°C, and to 1 for 38°C or hotter.

Definitions of the growing season vary throughout the world, but for the purposes of this report, we define it as the longest continuous period of non-freezing temperatures (≥ 0°C) in the year (the calendar year in the Northern Hemisphere, or from 1 July until 30 June in the Southern Hemisphere).

The growing season in Denver typically lasts for 5.5 months (169 days), from around 27 April to around 13 October, rarely starting before 6 April or after 15 May, and rarely ending before 23 September or after 2 November.

Growing degree days are a measure of yearly heat accumulation used to predict plant and animal development, and defined as the integral of warmth above a base temperature, discarding any excess above a maximum temperature. In this report, we use a base of 10°C and a cap of 30°C.

Based on growing degree days alone, the first spring blooms in Denver should appear around 19 March, only rarely appearing before 2 March or after 8 April.

This section discusses the total daily incident shortwave solar energy reaching the surface of the ground over a wide area, taking full account of seasonal variations in the length of the day, the elevation of the Sun above the horizon, and absorption by clouds and other atmospheric constituents. Shortwave radiation includes visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

The average daily incident shortwave solar energy experiences extreme seasonal variation over the course of the year.

The brighter period of the year lasts for 2.8 months, from 9 May to 3 August, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter above 6.8 kWh. The brightest month of the year in Denver is June, with an average of 7.8 kWh.

The darker period of the year lasts for 3.2 months, from 3 November to 10 February, with an average daily incident shortwave energy per square meter below 3.5 kWh. The darkest month of the year in Denver is December, with an average of 2.5 kWh.

Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Jul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.Dec.
Solar Energy (kWh) 2.83.85.16.27.17.87.46.55.74.33.12.5

For the purposes of this report, the geographical coordinates of Denver are 39.739 deg. latitude, -104.985 deg. longitude, and 1,607 m elevation.

The topography within 3 kilometres of Denver contains only modest variations in elevation, with a maximum elevation change of 74 metres and an average elevation above sea level of 1,600 metres. Within 16 kilometres contains only modest variations in elevation (476 metres). Within 80 kilometres contains very significant variations in elevation (2,941 metres).

The area within 3 kilometres of Denver is covered by shrubs (60%) and artificial surfaces (38%), within 16 kilometres by artificial surfaces (61%) and shrubs (32%), and within 80 kilometres by grassland (33%) and trees (28%).

This report illustrates the typical weather in Denver, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from 1 January 1980 to 31 December 2016.

Temperature and Dew Point

There are 3 weather stations near enough to contribute to our estimation of the temperature and dew point in Denver.

For each station, the records are corrected for the elevation difference between that station and Denver according to the International Standard Atmosphere , and by the relative change present in the MERRA-2 satellite-era reanalysis between the two locations.

The estimated value at Denver is computed as the weighted average of the individual contributions from each station, with weights proportional to the inverse of the distance between Denver and a given station.

The stations contributing to this reconstruction are:

  • Denver / Stapleton International, Co. (KDNR, 67%, 10 km, east, 5 m elevation change)
  • Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport (KBJC, 19%, 21 km, northwest, 98 m elevation change)
  • Arapahoe County Airport (KAPA, 14%, 22 km, southeast, 186 m elevation change)

KDNR, 67%10 km, 5 mKBJC, 19%21 km, 98 mKAPA, 14%22 km, 186 m© Esri, et al.

To get a sense of how much these sources agree with each other, you can view a comparison of Denver and the stations that contribute to our estimates of its temperature history and climate. Please note that each source's contribution is adjusted for elevation and the relative change present in the MERRA-2 data.

Other Data

All data relating to the Sun's position (e.g., sunrise and sunset) are computed using astronomical formulas from the book, Astronomical Algorithms 2nd Edition , by Jean Meeus.

All other weather data, including cloud cover, precipitation, wind speed and direction, and solar flux, come from NASA's MERRA-2 Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis . This reanalysis combines a variety of wide-area measurements in a state-of-the-art global meteorological model to reconstruct the hourly history of weather throughout the world on a 50-kilometer grid.

Land Use data comes from the Global Land Cover SHARE database , published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Elevation data comes from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) , published by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Names, locations, and time zones of places and some airports come from the GeoNames Geographical Database .

Time zones for airports and weather stations are provided by AskGeo.com .

Maps are © Esri, with data from National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, and iPC.

Disclaimer

The information on this site is provided as is, without any assurances as to its accuracy or suitability for any purpose. Weather data is prone to errors, outages, and other defects. We assume no responsibility for any decisions made on the basis of the content presented on this site.

We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

We further caution that our travel scores are only as good as the data that underpin them, that weather conditions at any given location and time are unpredictable and variable, and that the definition of the scores reflects a particular set of preferences that may not agree with those of any particular reader.

Please review our full terms contained on our Terms of Service page.