Which of the following instructional approaches will best allow a teacher to increase student interdependence?

Praxis PLT Form 1

A teacher introduces multiplying two-digit numbers by breaking down each step during whole-class instruction. Three students continue to struggle after four days of instruction and practice. The teacher provides three additional days of small-group instru

Zone of proximal development

At the end of a unit of study, students refer back to a KWL chart they started to fill out at the beginning of the unit. By reflecting on what they have learned, students can

determine actual progress to see if they reached their goals

Which of the following assessments can a teacher use to best determine whether a student is reading on grade level?

A teacher asks her class, "How did people measure length before they had rulers?" Students work in groups to brainstorm ideas, such as using their hands and feet. The teacher's question best exemplifies which of the following theories?

Which of the following examples best represents analytical scoring on an essay?

Assigning a B for content and an A for mechanics

A third-grade teacher observes that a student has trouble remembering information and following directions that are presented orally. The student also has difficulty focusing in loud environments. Which of the following best describes the probable area of

Which of the following findings about bullying is best supported by research?

Boys are more likely than girls to bully others and use physical aggression.

Students are given assignments on the basis of their ability levels and provided with frequent opportunities for success.

Students are encouraged to eat if hungry, provided with a safe environment, and made to feel accepted in the classroom.

Students are given a reward for positive behavior and academic success and a consequence for negative behavior and lack of academic progress.

Students are assessed and encouraged to work at their own pace as they are introduced to new information one step at a time.

A science teacher wants to build a garden on school property for students to grow plants and study life cycles. The teacher creates an action plan that includes goals for involving the community. Which of the following describes the best first step for th

Meeting with administrators to talk about the purpose and scope of the project

To help with classroom management, a teacher teaches students to associate certain clapping sequences and light signals with desired behaviors. The teacher's classroom management technique is an application of which of the following learning theories?

John, a second grader, complains to his parents that his teacher kept him in from recess for misbehaving in class. At a parent-teacher conference, the parents say that they think the consequence was too extreme. Which of the following best describes what

Review with the parents the classroom rules and consequences that are aligned to the school's standards

Students will create an original piece of art using their favorite colors and share it with the class.

Affective and Psychomotor Domains

Students will label the states and their capitals on a map of the United States.

Students will be able to solve classroom conflicts through discussions and role play.

Affective and Psychomotor Domains

Ms. Smith's students have been studying single-digit subtraction. Before moving on to double-digit subtraction, Ms. Smith develops a quiz to assess how much her students understand about single-digit subtraction. If any of her students do poorly, she will

Constructivist teaching is based on the belief that the teacher's role is to encourage students to

seek answers by making connections to prior knowledge

Which of the following instructional approaches will best allow a teacher to increase student interdependence?

Cooperative learning groups

Which of the following actions complies with the fair use provisions of copyright law?

Permitting several groups of students to watch a portion of a teacher-purchased movie

A teacher makes 25 copies of a compilation of songs. Students practice the songs in class and perform them in the auditorium for parents.

A teacher makes 25 copies of a short story from a book to be distributed to each student in the class.

A teacher copies a poem to be displayed in class. Students discuss the poem in small groups.

Which of the following is an appropriate goal for administering a criterion-referenced test?

Assessing student mastery of specific concepts

Mr. Irwin encourages his elementary students to be active participants during his lessons. A few weeks into the new school year, Mr. Irwin notices Aiko, an Asian Pacific student, does not participate in discussions or ask any questions. Which of the follo

Aiko may have grown up in a culture that encouraged him to be quiet and obedient without questioning his superiors.

A teacher planning instruction completes the following ordered steps.1. Identify the lesson's objective2. Develop assessment criteria3. Choose instructional activities

By following the steps, the teacher best demonstrates an understanding of

ensuring that concepts students need to learn guide lessons

A teacher implements message journals in the classroom. The teacher sends a journal home with each student on Monday, along with a note regarding accomplishments, concerns, needs, and upcoming school events. Parents return the journals on Thursday with an

Supporting communication between home and school

A teacher notices that some students learn best by discussing subject matter content with peers, while others prefer a quiet place to read and practice on their own. In response, the teacher decides to adjust lesson expectations and create space in the cl

Differentiated instruction

The primary purpose of an analytic scoring rubric is to

evaluate specific criteria for an assignment

Aria's class is learning how to write their first and last names in cursive. Despite guidance from her teacher, and many attempts, Aria is unable to form the letters correctly and with the appropriate size and spacing. According to Edward Thorndike, Aria'

With respect to phonemic awareness, which of the following could be the greatest area of challenge for an English-language learner?

Sounds that are different in the student's native language

A school establishes a mentoring program for incoming teachers. Which of the following is the primary goal of this program?

Providing one-to-one assistance for new teachers

Makayla, a sixth-grade student, received a grade-equivalent score of 7.2 on a recent standardized reading test. Which of the following interpretations of the data is most accurate to communicate to Makayla's parents?

Makayla's overall reading ability is comparable to that of a student who is in the second month of seventh grade.

A teacher evaluates the scores students in a class achieved on a recent standardized assessment. Which of the following best describes the instructional implications of a high standard deviation in the scores?

The teacher must differentiate instruction to meet the wide range of ability levels in the class.

Which of the following questions best promotes the highest level of student thinking skills?

Why do you think the character's actions were justified?

Which of the following scenarios best describes a teacher's use of holistic scoring?

A teacher reads a student paper using a rubric that addresses the scoring criteria. The teacher balances the strengths and weaknesses and assigns an overall score.

Which of the following should a teacher do to best improve content knowledge in science?

Join the National Science Teachers Association

An elementary school teacher has developed a series of centers at which students can practice literacy skills and create learning logs. Which of the following teaching strategies is the teacher most likely utilizing?

Mr. Larson is teaching his third graders how to "read between the lines." He will later explain that the skill they are practicing is an example of

A teacher sets up an interactive Web site that allows students to post comments about the book that the class is currently reading and to read one another's posts. The teacher is most likely using technology in this way to

encourage students' expression of ideas

A score report from a standardized test ranks a seventh-grade student in the 70th percentile. The score indicates that which of the following is true?

The student scored higher than 70% of all students.

According to the second stage of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, which of the following is true of students who exhibit characteristics of preconventional moral development?

They believe in acting in their own best interests.

Which of the following is the primary benefit of using a KWL chart with students during instruction?

Helping students link prior knowledge to the current lesson

Which of the following strategies best increases motivation and achievement in students?

Providing students with a menu of instructional choices

Ms. Erman, a new teacher, has met once a week for 30 minutes with an assigned mentor to discuss curriculum and discipline management during the past month. Ms. Erman is frustrated that the mentor spends the whole time sharing personal issues and disregard

Meeting with the principal to discuss how to manage the problem

A teacher wants to improve the literacy skills and self-motivation of several fifth-grade students who are struggling with reading and writing. Which of the following strategies will most likely accomplish this goal?

Providing students with engaging materials and focused instruction on successfully completing reading and writing tasks

Which of the following statements accurately describes the impact of metacognition on the learning of elementary students?

Students benefit from receiving explicit instruction on when to use cognitive strategies.

Which of the following teacher strategies is most effective for motivating elementary students to read recreationally?

Creating a class library that includes a variety of topics and a range of reading levels

According to social learning theory, students working within the zone of proximal development are most likely to learn because they are

receiving support from a knowledgeable helper

Which of the following requires that public schools provide increased accountability measured by the administration of standardized tests?

The No Child Left Behind Act

A multiple-choice test that evaluates basic mathematics skills for the purpose of determining the students need for academic support

A mathematics test provided by the district twice each year that determines student mastery of state performance standards

A pretest and posttest that evaluate teaching effectiveness and students' learning progress in mathematics

Which of the following is an open-ended question?

What do you predict would happen to a lion born in the wild with a coat of a much darker color?

Which of the following activities best reflects a family-centered program and a promotion of parent partnerships with the school?

Relating classroom activities to the various needs and interests of children and families

A teacher observes that a student is able to do the following:Solve problems with hands-on manipulatives in a logical fashionUnderstand laws of conservation and is able to classify and seriateUnderstand reversibility

According to Piaget, which of the f

Which of the following is the best action for a teacher to take to develop self-motivation in a group of students?

Providing students with frequent and specific positive feedback

A small group of students in a sixth-grade class is socializing during instructional time. Which of the following teacher responses is most likely to be effective in redirecting the students' attention to their task?

Moving closer to the students

A second-grade teacher is planning a unit on insects. Which of the following objectives for the unit best addresses the psychomotor domain?

Students will construct a cocoon using thread and white paste.

Which of the following questions during a reading lesson best fosters metacognition in elementary students?

Which reading strategies did you try using?

After the first week of school, a beginning teacher has concerns about managing behavior in the classroom. Which of the following is the teacher's best first step to address the concern?

Keep a reflective journal about the types of problematic behaviors that occur

Which of the following best describes an example of differentiated instruction?

A teacher maximizes each student's growth by meeting his or her level of readiness

A teacher administers a summative test following a unit of study. More than 80 percent of the students receive a grade of 50 percent or below. Which of the following is the best next step for the teacher to take?

Reteaching content not mastered and reassessing students with a new tool

Which of the following best describes the primary role of a mentor working with a new teacher?

The mentor observes the new teacher in the classroom and then meets with the teacher to discuss and reflect on the observations and plan strategies for improvement.

Prior to an activity, a teacher gives students written criteria that explain what they will need to know in order to receive a specific grade. Which of the following assessment tools is the teacher most likely using?

Which of the following is most likely to encourage parents to help their child continue his or her learning after school hours?

Posting assignments on a Web site so parents can monitor their child's work

A student who has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) needs additional time to complete work and to take tests. Which of the following pieces of legislation is most appropriate for the school to use in implementing a plan t

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

A teacher exposes students to a topic several times with increasing complexity throughout the school year. The new learning is put in the context of prior learning. By instructing students in this manner, the teacher best demonstrates an understanding of

Which of the following strategies is most likely to increase students' self-motivation during a unit?

Offering students a menu of activities to choose from

Which of the following best describes a characteristic of a summative assessment?

It provides scores that can be used to determine program effectiveness.

Two teachers share responsibilities for leadership and instruction in a classroom. The teachers alternate leading instructional activities and supporting students. The classroom described is primarily an example of

Increasing the font size of a student's reading assignment is best described as

an instructional accommodation

A teacher who supports the theory of social learning will most likely plan instruction to include which of the following activities?

Using think-alouds to model how to question text

Which of the following is the best strategy for a new teacher to use when determining instructional content?

Reviewing the curriculum standards provided by the state and school district

Which of the following statements about validity and reliability is most accurate?

Reliability measures the consistency of an assessment, and validity measures the accuracy.

An elementary teacher, Ms. Reed, reads aloud a story to a group of English-language learners. She pauses to indicate a change in events, points to illustrations in the book, and changes the volume and pitch of her voice to emphasize certain aspects of the

Using verbal and nonverbal clues to help students understand the story

The use of which of the following is most effective for improving the reading fluency of emerging readers?

Which of the following actions is the best example of a teacher applying the zone of proximal development theory?

Using pretest data to develop lessons that account for students' prior knowledge