When the first juvenile court was introduced, probation was instituted as one of its cornerstones.

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SOC 105 – Juvenile Delinquency Chapter 14Summary and OutlineIntroductionThe goal of the juvenile justice system is to craft a disposition that is in thebest interests of the juvenile while protecting societyHowever, release to the community on standard probation might not be thebest optionWhat can be done to prepare delinquents to return to society?Efforts at dealing with delinquency:oCommunity-based programsoInstitutional programsCommunity Corrections•The traditional way to respond to juvenile delinquents is to provide theleast-restrictive treatment•Placing juveniles in secure institutions is considered a last resort•To keep the juvenile in the community, the juvenile justice system hasdevised some programs and agenciesStandard Probation•Probation–The conditional release of juveniles to the custody of parentsor guardians•Developed in 1841 by John Augustus•1stjuvenile court was introduced in Cook county, Illinois, in 1899,probation was instituted as one of its cornerstones•Instituted as one of the cornerstones of the juvenile court•Property-offense cases are the most common type to receive either formof probation, followed by person offense, public-order-offenses, andfinally drug offenses•Probation is necessary because of the large numbers of juveniles beforecontemporary juvenile courts•Several advantages•Reduces stigma•Encourages rehabilitation by employing community resources•Lower cost

•The rules of probation require the youth to maintain contact with theprobation officer•Standard conditions of probationapply to all probationers•Special conditions of probationapply to a youth's particularIntensive-Supervision Probation•Probation “triage”1.Cases who will do well no matter what the officer does2.Cases who will do poorly no matter what the officer does3.Cases who can do well if the probation officer allocates time andresources•Intensive-supervision probation–Allows the probation department toprovide extended services to the juveniles who fall into category three•Cases who can do well if the probation officer allocates time andresources•Two goals:•To protect society by maintaining increased vigilance over thejuveniles•To provide treatment services that can affect the likelihood ofturning the juveniles toward law-abiding behavior•Differs from standard probation in several ways:•Uses a team approach•Caseload size•Probation activities are more highly structuredElectronic Monitoring•Electronic monitoring: The probationer wears an electronic device•AdvantagesOne officer can monitor many more clientsAllows probationers to live at home•DisadvantagesPrivacy concernsFourth Amendment violationsTamperingThe public: Not enough punishment

Home Confinement•Sometimes called house arrestJuveniles stay at home with their parents and attend schoolOften used in conjunction with intensive-supervision probationand electronic monitoringAdvantage: Cost

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