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Key Components of an Implementation Studya

Study ComponentWhy It MattersSelected Resources
Research objectiveResearch question addresses a gap in the provision of an evidence-based intervention, practice, or policy
Evidence-based practiceSufficient evidence of effectiveness and an appropriate fit for a given context
Theoretical justificationConceptual model and theoretical justification supports the choice of intervention and informs the design, the variables to be measured, and the analytical plan
Stakeholder engagementClear engagement process and demonstrated support from relevant stakeholders to ensure the feasibility that implementation can be studiedReview of participatory research (72):
Implementation strategyImplementation strategy or strategies for implementing the evidence-based practice are justified and well-described
  • Recommendations for specifying and reporting implementation strategies (73)

  • Compilation of strategies (74)

Team expertiseAppropriate multidisciplinary expertise on the study team is demonstrated, including qualitative and/or quantitative expertise, to ensure rigorous data collection and analysisNetworking communities
Study designStudy design is justified and feasible given the study context (e.g., feasibility of randomization)
MeasurementImplementation outcome measures should be included, conceptually justified, well-defined, and informed by existing measurement instruments, and should cover concepts of both internal and external validitySociety for Implementation Research Collaboration: https://societyforimplementationresearchcollaboration.org/ Grid-Enabled Measures Database (NCI): Grid-Enabled Measures Database methods paper (75)