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Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is when the esophageal sphincter is relaxed and allows gastric contents to be regurgitated back into the esophagus. What is Gastroesophageal Reflux?GER in children
ClassificationGastroesophageal reflux is classified as follows:
PathophysiologyReflux after meals occurs in healthy persons; however, these episodes are generally transient and are accompanied by rapid esophageal clearance of refluxed acid. Normal GI and GERD
Statistics and IncidencesAlthough minor degrees of gastroesophageal reflux are noted in children and adults, the degree and severity of reflux episodes are increased during infancy.
Clinical ManifestationsThe symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux are most often directly related to the consequences of emesis (e.g., poor weight gain) or result from exposure of the esophageal epithelium to the gastric contents.
Assessment and Diagnostic FindingsIn most cases of gastroesophageal reflux, the diagnosis can be made from the history and physical examination.
Medical ManagementResults of medical therapy is generally met with a better long-term response, leading to the elimination of antisecretory medications (when prescribed) during infancy.
Pharmacologic ManagementA therapeutic response to treatment for gastroesophageal reflux may take up to 2 weeks.
Nursing ManagementNursing care of a child with gastroesophageal reflux include the following: Nursing AssessmentAssessment of the child include:
Nursing DiagnosisBased on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnosis are:
Nursing Care Planning and GoalsMain Article: 7 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Nursing Care Plans The major nursing care planning goals for a child with gastroesophageal reflux:
Nursing InterventionsNursing interventions for the child with gastroesophageal reflux are:
EvaluationGoals are met as evidenced by:
Documentation GuidelinesDocumentation in a child with gastroesophageal reflux include:
Practice Quiz: Gastroesophageal RefluxHere’s a 5-item quiz for Gastroesophageal Reflux study guide. Please visit our nursing test bank page for more NCLEX practice questions. 1. Which of the following parameters would Nurse Max monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of thickened feedings for an infant with gastroesophageal reflux (GER)? A. Urine B. Vomiting C. Weight D. Stools 1. Answer: B. Vomiting
2. Baby Ellie is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GER); which of the following nursing diagnoses would be inappropriate? A. Risk for aspiration 2. Answer: B. Impaired oral mucous membrane.
3. In pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the immaturity of lower esophageal sphincter function is manifested by frequent transient lower esophageal relaxations, which result in the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the esophagus. Which statement about the esophagus is TRUE? Select all that apply. A. It is a cartilaginous tube B. It has upper and lower sphincters C. It lies anterior to the trachea D. It extends from the nasal cavity to the stomach E. All statements describe the esophagus 3. Answer: B. It has upper and lower sphincters.
4. Nurse Ian is handling a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following position will best help the client in this case? A. Right Lateral Recumbent B. Supine position C. Reverse Trendelenburg position D. Sims position 4. Answer: C. Reverse Trendelenburg position.
5. A client is prescribed with Omeprazole (Prilosec). The nurse determines that the client is receiving its therapeutic effect if which of the following is stated by the client: A. Relief of nausea and vomiting B. Decrease diarrheal episodes C. The absence of constipation D. Relief from GERD 5. Answer: D. Relief from GERD.
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