The fixed spatial resolution characteristic of direct digital systems is determined by the
Image brightness is controlled by1. IR exposure2. monitor functions 3. postprocessing functions
2. monitor functions
As digital image matrix size increases1. pixel size decreases2. resolution decreases 3. pixel depth decreases
An algorithm, as used in x-ray imaging, is a
series of variable instructions
The chest radiograph shown in Figure 4-1 demonstrates
Ionizing radiation intensity decreases as
distance from the source of radiation increases
In which of the following examinations should 70 kV not be exceeded?
Intravenous urogram (IVU)
Reduction in x-ray photon intensity as it passes through material is termed
Which of the lines indicated in Figure 4-2 represents the dynamic range offered by computed radiography (CR)?
Line A is representative of CR
An increase in kilovoltage will have which of the following effects in digital imaging?1. More scattered radiation will be produced2. The exposure rate will increase 3. Radiographic contrast will increase
1. More scattered radiation will be produced
Factors that can impact image resolution include1. patient factors2. focal spot size 3. SID
1. patient factors2. focal spot size 3. SID
What is the correct critique of the CR image shown in Figure 4-3?
If the lateral projection of an asthenic chest is being performed and the outer photocells are selected, what is the likely outcome?
Which of the following groups of exposure factors will produce the greatest receptor exposure?
The component of a CR image plate (IP) that records the radiologic image is the
An x-ray image of the ankle was made at 40-inch SID, 200 mA, 50 ms, 70 kV, 0.6-mm focal spot, and minimal OID. Which of the following modifications would result in the greatest increase in magnification?
The radiation dose received by the digital detector for each image is indicated by the
HVL is affected by the amount of1. kVp2. beam filtration 3. tissue density
1. kVp 2. beam filtration
The luminescent light emitted by the PSP is transformed into the image seen on the CRT (monitor) by the
The lateral coccyx image shown in Figure 4-4 was made using AEC but is overexposed. This is most likely a result of
incorrect centering of the part
The term windowing describes the practice of
changing the image brightness and/or contrast scale
Foreshortening can be caused by
the radiographic object being placed at an angle to the IR
What pixel size has a 512 x 512 matrix with 20-cm field of view (FOV)?
An exposure was made using 300 mA, 40 ms exposure, and 85 kV. Each of the following changes will decrease the receptor exposure by one half except a change to
All the following affect the exposure rate of the primary beam, except
The AEC master "density control" usually adjusts the x-ray beam intensity by what increment?
A 5-inch object to be radiographed at a 44-inch SID lies 6 inches from the IR. What will be the image width?
Using a short (25-30 inches) SID with a large (14 x 17 inches) IR is likely to
increase the anode heel effect
The distance between the center of one pixel to the center an adjacent pixel is termed
Because of the anode heel effect, the intensity of the x-ray beam is greatest along the
The main difference between the direct-capture and indirect-capture DR is that
direct capture/conversion has no scintillator
Analog-to-digital conversion is required in the following imaging system:
For the same FOV, spatial resolution will be improved using
Exposure factors of 90 kV and 3 mAs are used for a particular nongrid exposure. What should be the new milliampere seconds (mAs) value if a 12:1 grid is added?
All the following are related to spatial resolution, except
Of the following groups of exposure factors, which will produce the most receptor exposure?
200 mA, 60 ms, 36-inch SID
All of the following statements regarding digital imaging are true, except
brightness is related to IR exposure
Exposure factors of 2 mAs and 75 kV were used for a particular part. Which of the following changes would result in twice the exposure to the image receptor?
How are mAs and patient dose related?
mAs and patient dose are directly proportional
Which of the following pathologic conditions would require a decrease in exposure factors?
An exposure was made at a 36-inch SID using 300 mA, a 30-ms exposure, and 80 kV and an 8:1 grid. it is desired to repeat the radiograph using an 40inch SID and 70 kV. with all other factors remaining constant, what new exposure time will be required.
Practice(s) that enable the radiographer to reduce the exposure time required for a particular image include1. use of a higher milliamperage2. use of a higher kilovoltage 3. use of a higher ratio grid
1. use of a higher milliamperage
All of the following statements regarding kV are correct, excepta. increased kV produces i8ncreases beam intensityb. receptor exposure can be doubled or halved by using the 15% rulec. increased kV can decrease absorbed dose. d. kV and wavelength are di
kV and wavelength are directly proportional
Factors impacting spatial resolution in indirect digital/CR imaging include1. pixel pitch2. sampling frequency 3. DEL size of the TFT
1. pixel pitch
The radiograph shown in Figure 4-13 demonstrates an example of
Exposure-type artifacts include1. double exposure2. motion 3. image fading
1. double exposure
An increase in the kilovoltage applied to the x-ray tube increases the 1. x-ray wavelength2. exposure rate 3. patient absorption
Which of the following statements about histograms is/are true?1. A histogram illustrates pixel value distribution2. There is a default histogram for each/different body parts 3. A histogram is representative of the image grayscale
1. A histogram illustrates pixel value distribution
Misalignment of the tube-part-IR relationship results in
If the radiographer is unable to achieve a short OID because of the structure of the body part or patient condition, which of the following adjustments can be made to minimize magnification distortion?(A) A smaller focal spot size should be used. (B) A l
A longer SID should be used
The exposure factors used for a particular nongrid. X-ray image were 300 mA, 4 ms, and 90 kV. Another image, using an 8:1 grid, is requested. Which of the following groups of factors is most appropriate?
Exposure rate will decrease with an increase in1. SID2. kilovoltage 3. focal spot size
Which of the following pathologic conditions probably will require a decrease in exposure factors?
Distortion can be caused by1. tube angle2. the position of the organ or structure within the body 3. the radiographic positioning of the part
1. tube angle
Reducing the number of repeat images is an important way to decrease patient exposure and can be can be accomplished by1. using AEC2. good patient communication 3. accurate positioning skills
1. using AEC2. good patient communication 3. accurate positioning skills
Decreasing field size from 14 x 17 inches to 8 x 10 inches, with no other changes, will
decrease the amount of scattered radiation generated within the part
which of the following devices is used to overcome severe variation in patient anatomy or tissue density providing more uniform receptor exposure?
What are the effects of scattered radiation on a radiographic image? 1. It produces fog2. It increases contrast 3. It increases grid cutoff
Which of the following groups of exposure factors would be most appropriate to control involuntary motion?
Spatial resolution/detail can be improved by decreasing1. the SID2. the OID 3. patient/part motion
2. the OID
The term that refers to consistency in x-ray tube output is
The x-ray image seen in Figure 4-15 is most likely the result of
Which of the following affect(s) both the quantity and the quality of the primary beam?1. Half-value layer (HVL)2. Kilovoltage (kV) 3. Milliamperage (mA)
1. Half-value layer (HVL)
In which of the following ways does SID affect spatial resolution?
Spatial resolution is directly related to SID
Which of the following would be useful for an examination of a patient suffering from Parkinson's disease?1. Short exposure time2. Decreased SID 3. Compensating filtration
What is used to express the contrast resolution provided by a particular imaging system?
modulation transfer function
If a duration of 0.05 s was selected for a particular exposure, what milliamperage would be necessary to produce 30 mAs?
An anteroposterior (AP) projection of the femur was made using 300 mA, 0.03 second, 76kV, 40-in. SID, 1.2-mm focal spot. With all other factors remaining constant, which of the following exposure times would be required to maintain radiographic density/br
An AP radiograph of the femur was made using 300 mA, 30 ms, 76 kV, 40-inch SID, and 1,2-mm focal spot. With with all other factors remaining constant which of the following exposure times would be required to maintain correct IR exposure using 87 kV and t
Compression of the breast during mammographic imaging improves the technical quality of the image because1. geometric blurring is decreased2. less scattered radiation is produced 3. part motion is reduced
1. geometric blurring is decreased2. less scattered radiation is produced 3. part motion is reduced
In a posteroanterior (PA) projection of the chest being used for cardiac evaluation, the heart measures 14.7 cm between its widest points. If the magnification factor is known to be 1.2, what is the actual diameter of the heart?
Methods that help to reduce the production of scattered radiation include using1. compression2. beam restriction 3. a grid
1. compression
The differences between CR and DR include1. DR images are displayed immediately2. DR has higher DQE and lower patient dose 3. DR uses IPs
1. DR images are displayed immediately
Which of the following errors is illustrated in Figure 4-16?
X-ray tube not centered to grid
The process of "windowing" of digital images determines the image
what is the purpose of the thin layer of lead that is often located in the rear portion of an IP
The purpose of the electroconductive layer of a CR PSP plate is to
facilitate transportation through the scanner/ reader
Which of the following combinations is most likely to be associated with quantum mottle?
Decreased milliampere seconds, increased kilovoltage
What pixel size has a 2048 x 2048 matrix with a 60-cm FOV?
As window level increases
Which of the following matrix sizes is most likely to produce the best image resolution?
The device shown in Figure 4-17 is used for
Factors that determine spatial resolution in digital Imaging include1. part motion2. geometric factors 3. size of focal spot
1. part motion2. geometric factors 3. size of focal spot
Examples of health care informatics include1. HIS2. RIS 3. PACS
The exposure factors of 400 mA, 17 ms, and 82 kV produce a milliampere seconds value of
radiographic images for medicolegal reasons are required to include the following information1. the patient's name and/or identification number2. a left or right side marker 3. the patients birth date
1. the patient's name and/or identification number
Low kilovoltage exposure factors usually are indicated for radiographic examinations using1. water-soluble, iodinated media2. a negative contrast agent 3. barium sulfate
1. water-soluble, iodinated media
The x-ray image seen on the computer display monitor is a/an
Modifications to the degree of digital image brightness can be made by adjustments to1. total IR exposure2. monitor controls 3. window level postprocessing
2. monitor controls
For which of the following examinations can the anode heel effect be an important consideration?1. Lateral thoracic spine. AP femur 3. Right anterior oblique (RAO) sternum
1. Lateral thoracic spine
All the following have an impact on receptor exposure, except
A radiograph made with a parallel grid demonstrates decreased receptor exposure on its lateral edges. This is most likely due to
What is the correct critique of the CR image shown in Figure 4-18?
The PA chest image shown in Figure 4-14 exhibits which of the following qualities?1. Adequate penetration of the heart2. Long-scale contrast 3. Adequate inspiration
1. Adequate penetration of the heart2. Long-scale contrast 3. Adequate inspiration
A particular milliampere seconds value, regardless of the combination of milliamperes and time, will reproduce the same receptor exposure. This is a statement of the
OID is related to spatial resolution in which of the following ways?
Spatial resolution is inversely related to OID
If 300 mA has been selected for a particular exposure, what exposure time would be required to produce 6 mAs?
As digital DEL size decreases
spatial resolution increases
An increase in kilovoltage will serve to
The functions of automatic beam limitation devices include1. reducing the production of scattered radiation2. increasing the absorption of scattered radiation 3. changing the quality of the x-ray beam
1. reducing the production of scattered radiation
Spatial resolution is inversely related to1. SID2. OID 3. part motion
Of the following groups of exposure factors, which is most likely to produce the shortest scale of image contrast?
The artifact seen in Figure 4-19 represents
An exposure was made using 8 mAs and 60 kV. If the kilovoltage was changed to 70, what new milliampere seconds value is required to maintain receptor exposure?
Figure 4-20 is representative of
In digital imaging, mAs selection has an effect on1. receptor exposure2. patient dose 3. brightness
1. receptor exposure
Of the following groups of technical factors, which will produce the greatest radiographic receptor exposure?
10 mAs, 74 kV, 36-inch SID
The maximum spatial resolution in digital imaging is equal to the
Nyquist frequency, which is 1/2x the pixel pitch (mm)
Focusing distance is associated with which of the following?
The processing algorithm represents the
anatomical part and projection
The relationship between the height of a grid's lead strips and the distance between them is referred to as grid
An appropriate exposure range that will produce a quality image while delivering acceptable patient dose defines
Characteristics of high-ratio grids, compared with lower ratio grids include which of the following?1. they allow more positioning latitude2. they are more efficient in collecting SR 3. they absorb more of the useful beam
2. they are more efficient in collecting SR
Factors that can affect histogram appearance include1. beam restriction2. centering errors 3. incorrect SID
1. beam restriction2. centering errors 3. incorrect SID
Which of the following statements provides the most accurate critique of the image seen in Figure 4-21?
Positioning aide artifact
Changes in milliampere seconds can affect all the following, except
The radiographic accessory used to measure the thickness of body parts in order to determine optimal selection of exposure factors is the
Which of the following examinations is/are most likely to require the use of 70 kV?1. AP abdomen2.Chest radiograph 3. Barium-filled stomach
Which of the following is/are associated with magnification fluoroscopy?1. Increased mA2. Smaller portion of the input phosphor is used 3. Image intensifier focal point moves closer to the output phosphor
1. Increased mA
Each of the following can have an effect on spatial resolution, except
Subject/object unsharpness can result from all of the following, except when
anatomic object(s) of interest is/are in the path of the CR
Brightness and contrast resolution in digital imaging can be influenced by1. window level (WL)2. window width (WW) 3. look-up table (LUT)
1. window level (WL)2. window width (WW) 3. look-up table (LUT)
What feature is used to display RIS information on current patients?
A decrease from 200 to 100 mA will result in a decrease in which of the following?1. Wavelength2. Exposure rate 3. Beam intensity
2. Exposure rate
The radiograph shown in Figure 4-22 illustrates incorrect use of
The effect described as differential absorption is1. responsible for radiographic contrast2. a result of attenuating characteristics of tissue 3. minimized by the use of a high peak kilovoltage
1. responsible for radiographic contrast2. a result of attenuating characteristics of tissue 3. minimized by the use of a high peak kilovoltage
A satisfactory radiograph of the abdomen was made at a 38-inch SID using 400 mA, 60-ms exposure, and 80 kV. If the distance is changed to 42 inches, what new exposure time would be required?
Which of the following is/are associated with differential attenuation? 1. Part thickness2. Tissue density 3. Tissue Z number
1. Part thickness2. Tissue density 3. Tissue Z number
Typical patient demographic and examination information include(s) 1. type of examination.2. accession number 3. date and time of examination
1. type of examination.2. accession number 3. date and time of examination
For which of the following examinations might the use of a grid not be necessary in an adult patient?
The quantity of scattered radiation reaching the IR can be reduced through the use of1. a fast imaging system2. an air gap 3. a stationary grid
2. an air gap
Why is a very short exposure time essential in chest radiography?
To minimize involuntary motion
The interaction between xray photons and matter illustrated in figure 4-23 is most likely to be associated with1. high energy photons2. high tissue absorption 3. high Z number absorber
Image receptor spatial resolution in direct digital systems is1. fixed2. inversely related to the TFT DEL size 3. always variable
1. fixed
If an IR exposed using a 12:1 ratio grid exhibits loss of signal at its lateral edges, it is probably because the
Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) of a 5:1 grid?1. It allows some positioning latitude2. It is used with high kilovoltage exposures 3. It absorbs a high percentage of scattered radiation
1. It allows some positioning latitude
How is SID related to exposure rate and image receptor exposure?
As SID increases, exposure rate decreases and receptor exposure decreases
Ax-ray exposure of a particular part is made and restricted to a 14 x 17 inches field size. The same exposure is repeated, but the x-ray beam is restricted to a 4 x 4 inches field. Compared with the first image, the second image is likely to
1. generate less scattered radiation
In digital imaging, TFT DEL size is related to
Which of the following pathologic conditions would require an increase in exposure factors?
Factors that determine spatial resolution in digital imaging include1. focal spot size2. SID 3. DEL size
1. focal spot size2. SID 3. DEL size
A decrease in SNR can be the result of1. excessive mA2. incorrect part selection 3. grid cutoff
2. incorrect part selection
The ratio of the pixel's sensing area to the area of the pixel itself refers to
One line pair is described as
one blank line on a light background and an interspace of the same width
The advantages of beam restriction include1. eliminates shielding requirement2. irradiation of less biologic material 3. production of less scattered radiation
2. irradiation of less biologic material
Foreshortening of an anatomic structure means that
it is projected on the IR smaller than its actual size
digital radiographic imaging equipment provides a number of functions for optimization of image quality including1. exposure data recognition2. automatic rescaling 3. narrow latitude
1. exposure data recognition
An x-ray image made using 300 mA, 0.1 s, and 75 kV exhibits motion unsharpness but otherwise satisfactory technical quality. The image will be repeated using a shorter exposure time. Using 86 kV and 400 mA, what should be the new exposure time?
Which of the following is the most appropriate critique for the image seen as Figure 4-24?
Which of the following may be used to reduce the effect of scattered radiation on the radiographic image?1. Grids2. Collimators 3. Compression bands
1. Grids2. Collimators 3. Compression bands
Figure 4-25 is representative
Which of the following can impact the visibility of the anode heel effect?1. SID2. IR size 3. Focal spot size
When involuntary time may be cut into half if the motion must be considered, the exposure kilovoltage is
Which of the following groups of exposure factors would be most effective in eliminating prominent pulmonary vascular markings in the RAO position of the sternum?
The electronic term used to describe anything that interferes with visualization of the x-ray image is
Which of the following is the most appropriate critique for the image seen as Figure 4-26?
HVL is affected by the amount of1. kVp2. beam filtration 3. tissue density
The attenuation of x-ray photons is not influenced1. pathology2. structure atomic number 3. photon quantity
If, upon QC testing, the HVL of the x-ray beam produced by a particular x-ray tube increases, it is an indication of1. vaporized tungsten deposited on the inner surface of the glass envelope2. an increase in the kilovoltage being produced by the tube 3.
1. vaporized tungsten deposited on the inner surface of the glass envelope
A compensating filter is used to
even out widely differing tissue densities
The percentage of incoming x-ray photons that are detected and absorbed by the receptor describes
Which of the following will influence spatial resolution?1. Dynamic range2. Part motion 3. Focal spot
2. Part motion
Which of the following is/are associated with magnification fluoroscopy?1. Less noise2. Improved contrast resolution 3. Improved spatial resolution
1. Less noise2. Improved contrast resolution 3. Improved spatial resolution
Factors that determine the production of scattered radiation include 1. field size2. beam restriction 3. kilovoltage
1. field size2. beam restriction 3. kilovoltage
Digital preprocessing functions include1. rescaling2. histogram analysis 3. equalization
1. rescaling
Which of the following is the most appropriate critique for the image seen as Figure 4-27?
Geometric unsharpness is directly influenced by1. OID2. SOD 3. SID
How are wavelength and energy related?
Which of the following focal spot sizes should be used for magnification radiography?
If a 6-inch OID is introduced during a particular radiographic examination, what change in SID will be necessary to overcome objectionable magnification?A.The SID must be increased by 6 inches.B.The SID must be increased by 18 inches.C. The SID must
The SID must be increased by 42 inches
If a particular grid has lead strips 0.40-mm thick, 4.0-mm high, and 0.25-mm apart, what is its grid ratio?
The line-focus principle expresses the relationship between
the actual and the effective focal spot
Which of the following has the greatest effect on radiographic IR exposure?
Shape distortion is influenced by the relationship between the1. xray tube and the part to be image2. part to be image and the IR 3. IR and the xray tube
1. xray tube and the part to be image2. part to be image and the IR 3. IR and the xray tube
The flattened hemidiaphragms and widened intercostal spaces seen in figure 4-28 are representative of
The quality assurance term used to describe consistency in exposure at adjacent mA stations is
How does filtration affect the primary beam?
Filtration increases the average energy of the primary beam
Which of the following groups of technical factors will deliver the greatest patient dose?
The postprocessing method that functions to remove high-frequency noise from the radiologic image is
During CR imaging, the latent image present on the PSP is changed to a computerized image by the
The primary function of x-ray beam filtration is to
Grid cutoff due to off-centering would result in
overall loss of receptor exposure
The advantage(s) of high kilovoltage chest radiography is/are that1. exposure latitude is increased2. it reduces patient dose 3. it eliminates the need for a grid
1. exposure latitude is increased
The exposure factors of 400 mA, 70 ms, and 78 kV were used to produce a particular image receptor exposure. A similar image could be produced using 500 mA, 90 kV, and.
Pathologic or abnormal conditions that would require a decrease in exposure factors include all of the following excepta. osteoporosisb. osteomalaciac. emphysema d. pneumonia
The artifact(s) seen in Figure 4-29 include1. motion2. jewelry artifacts 3. hair braid artifacts
2. jewelry artifacts
Which of the following is/are directly related to photon energy?1. Kilovoltage2. Milliamperes 3. Wavelength
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the artifact seen in the erect PA projection of the chest shown in Figure 4-31?
The object is located within the IP
The device that functions to terminate the x-ray exposure following ionization of a particular quantity of an air is the
The function of the backup timer in automatic exposure control devices is to1. prevent patient overexposure2. prevent x-ray tube overheating 3. adjust programmed receptor exposure
1. prevent patient overexposure
Which of the following units is/are used to express resolution?1. Line-spread function2. Line pairs per millimeter 3. Line-focus principle
1. Line-spread function
Acceptable method(s) of minimizing motion unsharpness is/are1. suspended respiration2. short exposure time 3. patient instruction
1. suspended respiration2. short exposure time 3. patient instruction
Using fixed milliampere seconds and variable kilovoltage technical factors, each centimeter increase in patient thickness requires what adjustment in kilovoltage?
In which of the following systems does the radiographer select the anatomic part from the console menu?
Potential digital image postprocessing tasks include1. PACS2. annotation 3. inversion/reversal
2. annotation
Which of the following can impact the signal reaching the digital image receptor?1. Tissue density2. Pathology 3. Beam restriction
1. Tissue density
X-ray photon energy is inversely related to1. photon wavelength2. applied milliamperes (mA) 3. applied kilovoltage (kV)
Which of the radiographs shown in Figure 4-5 most likely required the greater exposure?
Characteristics of DR imaging include1. solid-state detector receptor plates2. a direct-capture imaging system 3. immediate image display
1. solid-state detector receptor plates2. a direct-capture imaging system 3. immediate image display
Compared with a low-ratio grid, a high-ratio grid will1. allow more centering latitude2. absorb more scattered radiation 3. absorb more primary radiation
2. absorb more scattered radiation
What is the correct critique of the CR image shown in Figure 4-6?
A decrease in kilovoltage will result in1. a decrease in image resolution2. a decrease in photon energy 3. a decrease in receptor exposure
2. a decrease in photon energy
To be suitable for use in an image intensifier's input screen, a phosphor should have which of the following characteristics?1. High conversion efficiency2. High x-ray absorption 3. High atomic number
1. High conversion efficiency2. High x-ray absorption 3. High atomic number
Resolution in CR increases as1. laser beam size decreases2. monitor matrix size decreases 3. PSP crystal size decreases
1. laser beam size decreases
In radiography of a large abdomen, which of the following is/are effective way(s) to minimize the amount of scattered radiation reaching the image receptor (IR)?1. Use of close collimation2. Use of low mAs 3. Use of a low-ratio grid
1. Use of close collimation
The changes between the images shown in Figure 4-7 represent changes made to
What grid ratio is represented in Figure 4-8?
Subject contrast is related to1. differential tissue absorption2. atomic number of tissue being traversed 3. proper regulation of milliampere seconds
1. differential tissue absorption
An image demonstrating many brightness levels, or shades of gray, with only slight difference between the levels/shades is said to possess1. long-scale contrast2. low contrast 3. short-scale contrast
1. long-scale contrast
The term pixel is associated with all of the following, except
how much of the part is included in the matrix
Geometric blur can be evaluated using all the following devices, excepta. star patternb. slit camerac. penetrometer d. pinhole camera
Causes of grid cutoff, when using focused reciprocating grids, include the following?1. Inadequate SID2. X-ray tube off-center with the long axis of the lead strips 3. Angling the beam in the direction of the lead strips
The tiny increased brightness, dropout artifacts seen in the proximal portion of the CR image of the radius shown in Figure 4-9 are representative of
The differences between CR and DR include1. CR uses IPs2. CR has higher DQE and lower patient dose 3. CR images are displayed immediately
Special considerations that can require increase from typical technical factors include1. excessive BMI2. skeletal sclerosis 3. osteomalacia
1. excessive BMI
The term voxel is associated with all of the following, except
Using a 48-inch SID, how much OID must be introduced to magnify an object 2 times?
a particular radiograph was produced using 12 mAs and 85kV with a 16:1 ratio grid. the radiograph is to be repeated using an 8:1 ratio grid. what should be the new milliampere seconds value?
The photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates used in CR are constructed in layers that include1. light shield layer2. support layer 3. electroconductive layer
1. light shield layer2. support layer 3. electroconductive layer
Which of the following are methods of limiting the production of scattered radiation?1. Using moderate ratio grids2. Using the prone position for abdominal examinations 3. Restricting the field size to the smallest practical size
2. Using the prone position for abdominal examinations 3. Restricting the field size to the smallest practical size
Two images of the skull are shown in Figure 4-10 Which of the following best describes their different appearance?
Image A demonstrates higher contrast
Which of the images in Figure 4-11 has the smallest matrix size?
Types of shape distortion include1. magnification2. elongation 3. foreshortening
2. elongation
For the same FOV, as the matrix size increases1. spatial resolution increases2. image quality increases 3. pixel size decreases
1. spatial resolution increases2. image quality increases 3. pixel size decreases
In digital imaging, as the size of the image matrix increases,1. FOV Increases2. pixel size decreases 3. spatial resolution increases
2. pixel size decreases
A satisfactory radiograph was made using a 36inch SID, 12 mAs, and a 12:1 grid. if the examination will be repeated at a distance of 42 inches and using a 5:1 grid, what should be the new milliampere seconds value to maintain the original receptor exposur
Image resolution improves as1. scintillation increases2. DEL size decreases 3 . fill factor increases
2. DEL size decreases
In digital imaging, kV selection has an effect on1. photon energy2. penetration 3. image contrast
1. photon energy
Factors impacting spatial resolution include1. focal spot size2. subject motion 3. SOD
1. focal spot size2. subject motion 3. SOD
Which of the following factors influence(s) the production of scattered radiation?1. Kilovoltage level2, Tissue density 3. Size of field
1. Kilovoltage level2, Tissue density 3. Size of field
Which of the following groups of technical factors would be most appropriate for the radiographic examination shown in Figure 4-30?
A grid usually is used in which of the following circumstances?1. When radiographing a large or dense body part2. When using high kilovoltage 3. When a lower patient dose is required
1. When radiographing a large or dense body part
Image plate front material can be made of which of the following?1. Carbon fiber2. Magnesium 3. Lead.
1. Carbon fiber
which of the following statements is/are true with respect to the radiograph shown in figure 4-12?1. the image exhibits long scale contrast2. the image exhibits a clothing artifact 3. the image demonstrates motion blur
1. the image exhibits long scale contrast2. the image exhibits a clothing artifact 3. the image demonstrates motion blur |
What is the correct critique of the CR image seen below
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