What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?

In New South Wales alcohol intoxication is an issue to be taken seriously. The liquor and gaming industry has set out intoxication standards for licensing purposes, to which liquor and gaming licensees are expected to adhere. The guidelines, outlined in the  as per the NSW Department of Industry (Liquor and Gaming NSW GL4003 ‘Intoxication Guidelines’) are intended to supplement Sector 5 of the Liquor Act  2007, which is the law that informs the responsible service of alcohol in NSW – RSA Online NSW -.

The purpose of these guidelines is, among others, to help licensees identify whether or not a person is intoxicated. Licensees are obligated to follow the guidelines primarily for these three reasons, as per the GL4003:

  • to minimise the harm that is associated with the misuse and abuse of liquor;
  • to encourage responsible attributes and practices towards the promotion, sale, supply, service, and consumption of alcohol;
  • and to ensure that the sale, supply, and consumption of liquor contributes to, and does not detract from, the amenity of community life.

Liquor licensees are prohibited from selling alcohol to intoxicated persons. This is part of their obligations to serve alcohol responsibly, along with preventing intoxication from occurring on their premises. [Failing to promote or support the responsible service of alcohol can result in the state levying fines, higher licence fees, and the possible suspension or cancellation of liquor or gaming licence]

Intoxication offences that fall under the NSW liquor laws are expanded upon further by the Liquor & Gaming NSW GL4003 ‘Intoxication Guidelines’ and “Prevention of intoxication on licensed premises March 2015” guidelines (the article is downloadable from the NSW Department of Industry’s Liquor & Gaming website). These guidelines are intended for the licensees and their serving staff, providing them with an outline for their obligations as responsible servers.

The intoxication guidelines include four categories of characteristics. These four categories are SPEECH, BALANCE, COORDINATION, and BEHAVIOUR. These categories are neither exhaustive nor conclusive, in and of themselves, but combined may provide a reasonable indication that a person may be intoxicated.

Signs of intoxicated speech may include slurred words, rambling or unintelligible conversation, incoherent or muddled speech, loss of train of thought, inability or failure to understand normal conversation, and difficulty with focusing or paying attention.

Meanwhile, signs of intoxication relating to balance may include a person being unsteady on their feet, swaying uncontrollably, staggering, having difficulty walking, having trouble standing or staying upright, falling or stumbling, and bumping into or knocking over furniture or people.

Lack of coordination may also be a sign of intoxication. As well, spilling or dropping drinks, fumbling with loose change, having difficulty with counting money or paying, having trouble opening or closing doors, and struggling with finding one’s mouth when drinking can be signs that a person is intoxicated.

There’s also behaviour to consider. A person who is rude, aggressive, belligerent, or argumentative may be intoxicated. Displaying offensive or bad-tempered behaviour may also be a sign, as well as a person being physically violent, loud, confused, or disorderly. Offensive language and inappropriate language may fall under intoxicated behaviour. Exuberance and over-friendliness may be more uncommon but are nonetheless considered as signs of intoxication. Drowsiness, vomiting, and rapid drinking are likewise regarded as signs of intoxication.

All of these signs may be considered on their own merits, or in concurrence with other signs, to judge whether or not a person is intoxicated.

Appropriately judging a person’s intoxication or lack thereof takes some training, which RSA Online NSW courses offer. For those interested, courses are available through Club Training Australia so consider a job in responsible service of alcohol today.

The following steps can assist in the management of an intoxicated person. However, ensure that in the first instance you refer to your agency's policies and procedures regarding managing intoxicated clients.

First and foremost, assess the situation and consider your safety, the affected person’s safety, and the safety of others. Enlist others to help you manage the situation if necessary.

  1. Introduce yourself and your role
  2. Ask their name
  3. Ask if they know where they are and what is happening
  4. When talking:
    • use the person’s name (if known)
    • speak clearly and ask simple questions
    • be firm but non-threatening
    • talk slowly and gently
    • adjust your pace to theirs
    • keep eye contact (where culturally appropriate)
    • keep instructions brief and clear
    • avoid information overload but repeat when necessary
    • avoid ‘hot’ topics and long discussions
    • be friendly and polite
    • help the person where needed
  5. Also remember to:
    • remain calm
    • listen to the person
    • do not shout or argue back
    • do not make sudden movements.

Reducing the impact of intoxication

There are things that you can do to reduce some of the harms associated with volatile substance use (VSU) intoxication. For example, do not chase or physically restrain a person who has been using volatile substances as physical exertion can increase their risk of sudden sniffing death.

If the intoxicated person is conscious and not in need of immediate first aid:

  • confiscate the substance if it is safe to do so
  • reduce any immediate risks to the person or others by:
    • opening doors and windows if in an enclosed area
    • removing matches and not permitting smoking
  • reduce stimulation by:
    • moving to a safe location with low stimulus, or
    • making the immediate environment low stimulus by removing bystanders. Over-stimulating environments for an intoxicated person could result in an acute physiological reaction such as shock or sudden death
  • discourage any exertion, encourage the person to relax and remain calm
  • keep calm, reassure the person, speak quietly
  • stay with the person until effects have worm off
  • if necessary, seek medical advice or call for an ambulance.

(Victorian Government Department of Human Services, 2003)

Self care

Managing an intoxicated person can be a difficult experience. Make sure you debrief with a colleague or your supervisor after the incident. Self care is important when dealing with difficult or challenging situations.

See also Acute intoxication page of this website.

You are responsible for monitoring patrons for signs of undue intoxication. You are not required to count drinks or use a breathalyser but you should observe the patron's speech, coordination, balance and behaviour.

The amount of liquor that each person consumes before becoming unduly intoxicated varies. The signs of intoxication may be influenced by:

  • gender
  • age
  • size
  • health
  • state of mind
  • rate of drinking
  • food consumed
  • medication
  • frequency of drinking.

What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?
What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?
What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?
What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?

What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?
What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?
What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?
What are three strategies you can use if you see a customer showing the early signs of intoxication?

Speech

Incoherent, rambling and slurring.

Behaviour

Rude, offensive, overly friendly, annoying, confused, aggressive, violent and inappropriate.

Balance

Unsteady on feet, staggering and swaying.

Coordination

Spilling drinks, inability to find one's mouth with a glass, drowsiness and difficulty opening and closing doors.

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You may consider the following indicators when assessing if someone is unduly intoxicated, but this is not a definitive list.

  • Incoherent or muddled speech
  • Loss of train of thought
  • Rambling or unintelligible conversation
  • Slurring words

  • Bumping into or knocking over furniture or people
  • Falling down or cannot stand
  • Difficulty walking straight
  • Staggering or stumbling
  • Swaying uncontrollably
  • Unsteady on feet

  • Difficulty counting or paying money and fumbling change
  • Difficulty opening or closing doors
  • Dropping drinks
  • Inability to find mouth with a glass
  • Spilling drinks

  • Aggressive
  • Annoying/pestering others
  • Argumentative
  • Bad tempered
  • Belligerent
  • Confused
  • Difficulty paying attention
  • Disorderly
  • Drowsiness or sleeping at a bar/table
  • Exuberant
  • Inappropriate sexual advances
  • Loss of inhibition
  • Loud/boisterous
  • Not understanding normal conversation
  • Offensive, including the use of offensive language
  • Overly friendly
  • Physically violent
  • Rude
  • Vomiting

If you note any of the above indicators in a patron’s conduct, assess if there could be causes other than intoxication. Speaking to a person about the possible causes for their signs of intoxication is important in meeting your obligations under the Liquor Act. It also ensures that you do not unlawfully discriminate against a person with mental or physical impairments.

Your observations of the quantity, rate and type of liquor consumed by a patron on the premises can help inform your assessment of whether that person is unduly intoxicated.

In the situation where you observe a patron has consumed little or no liquor at your venue but they are showing signs of being unduly intoxicated, they may have consumed liquor (or other intoxicating substances) before entering your venue, or you may not have seen their previous consumption at the premises. If they display indicators of undue intoxication and you have spoken to them to ascertain there are no other causes, you still have grounds for reasonable belief that they are unduly intoxicated.

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  • Last reviewed: 25 Jun 2019
  • Last updated: 26 Jun 2019