Kat J. asked • 02/09/21
2 moles of Sodium sulfate is reacted with 3 moles of calcium chloride.
1 Expert Answer Sodium sulfate = Na2SO4 Calcium chloride = CaCl2 1). Na2SO4(aq) + CaCl2(aq) ==> 2NaCl(aq) + CaSO4(s) ... balanced equation 2). Ca2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) ==> CaSO4(s) 3). Easiest way to find limiting reactant is to divide moles of each reactant by its coefficient in the equation: 2 moles Na2SO4 ÷ 1 = 2 3 moles CaCl2 ÷ 1 = 3 Limiting reactant = Na2SO4 4). Because Na2SO4 is limiting, it alone will determine the amount of product. At 100% yield, you have... 2 mol Na2SO4 x 1 mol CaSO4/ mol Na2SO4 x 136 g CaSO4/mol = 272 g CaSO4 At 75% yield you'd have 0.75 x 272 g = 204 g CaSO4
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{1}\) Balance the following equations: \(\ce{PCl5}(s)+\ce{H2O}(l)\rightarrow \ce{POCl3}(l)+\ce{2HCl}(aq)\) \(\ce{3Cu}(s)+\ce{8HNO3}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{3Cu(NO3)2}(aq)+\ce{4H2O}(l)+\ce{2NO}(g)\) \(\ce{H2}(g)+\ce{I2}(s)\rightarrow \ce{2HI}(s)\) \(\ce{4Fe}(s)+\ce{3O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{2Fe2O3}(s)\) \(\ce{2Na}(s)+\ce{2H2O}(l)\rightarrow \ce{2NaOH}(aq)+\ce{H2}(g)\) \(\ce{(NH4)2Cr52O7}(s)\rightarrow \ce{Cr2O3}(s)+\ce{N2}(g)+\ce{4H2O}(g)\) \(\ce{P4}(s)+\ce{6Cl2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{4PCl3}(l)\) \(\ce{PtCl4}(s)\rightarrow \ce{Pt}(s)+\ce{2Cl2}(g)\)
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{2}\) Balance the following equations:
\(\ce{4Ag}(s)+\ce{2H2S}(g)+\ce{O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{2Ag2S}(s)+\ce{2H2O}(l)\) Answer b\(\ce{P4}(s)+\ce{5O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{P4O10}(s)\) Answer c\(\ce{2Pb}(s)+\ce{2H2O}(l)+\ce{O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{2Pb(OH)2}(s)\) Answer d\(\ce{3Fe}(s)+\ce{4H2O}(l)\rightarrow \ce{Fe3O4}(s)+\ce{4H2}(g)\) Answer e\(\ce{Sc2O3}(s)+\ce{3SO3}(l)\rightarrow \ce{Sc2(SO4)3}(s)\) Answer f\(\ce{Ca3(PO4)2}(aq)+\ce{4H3PO4}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{3Ca(H2PO4)2}(aq)\) Answer g\(\ce{2Al}(s)+\ce{3H2SO4}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{Al2(SO4)3}(s)+\ce{3H2}(g)\) Answer h\(\ce{TiCl4}(s)+\ce{2H2O}(g)\rightarrow \ce{TiO2}(s)+\ce{4HCl}(g)\)
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{3}\) Write a balanced molecular equation describing each of the following chemical reactions.
\(\ce{CaCO3}(s)\rightarrow \ce{CaO}(s)+\ce{CO2}(g)\) Answer b\(\ce{2C4H10}(g)+\ce{13O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{8CO2}(g)+\ce{10H2O}(g)\) Answer c\(\ce{MgCl2}(aq)+\ce{2NaOH}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{Mg(OH)2}(s)+\ce{2NaCl}(aq)\) Answer d\(\ce{2H2O}(g)+\ce{2Na}(s)\rightarrow \ce{2NaOH}(s)+\ce{H2}(g)\)
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{4}\) Write a balanced equation describing each of the following chemical reactions.
\(\ce{2KClO3}(s)\rightarrow \ce{2KCl}(s)+\ce{3O2}(g)\) Answer b\(\ce{2Al}(s)+\ce{3I2}(s)\rightarrow \ce{Al2I6}(s)\) Answer c\(\ce{2NaCl}(s)+\ce{H2SO4}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{2HCl}(g)+\ce{Na2SO4}(aq)\) Answer d\(\ce{H3PO4}(aq)+\ce{KOH}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{KH2PO4}(aq)+\ce{H2O}(l)\)
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{5}\) Colorful fireworks often involve the decomposition of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate and the reaction of the metals magnesium, aluminum, and iron with oxygen.
Ba(NO3)2, KClO3 Answer b\(\ce{2KClO3}(s)\rightarrow \ce{2KCl}(s)+\ce{3O2}(g)\) Answer c\(\ce{2Ba(NO3)2}(s)\rightarrow \ce{2BaO}(s)+\ce{2N2}(g)+\ce{5O2}(g)\) Answer d\(\ce{2Mg}(s)+\ce{O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{2MgO}(s)\) ; \(\ce{4Al}(s)+\ce{3O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{2Al2O3}(g)\); \(\ce{4Fe}(s)+\ce{3O2}(g)\rightarrow \ce{2Fe2O3}(s)\) Click here to see a video of the solution
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{6}\) Aqueous hydrogen fluoride (hydrofluoric acid) is used to etch glass and to analyze minerals for their silicon content. Hydrogen fluoride will also react with sand (silicon dioxide).
\(\ce{4HF}(aq)+\ce{SiO2}(s)\rightarrow \ce{SiF4}(g)+\ce{2H2O}(l)\) Answer b\(\ce{CaCl2}(aq)+\ce{2NaF}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{2NaCl}(aq)+\ce{CaF2}(s)\)
PROBLEM \(\PageIndex{7}\) A novel process for obtaining magnesium from sea water involves several reactions. Write a balanced chemical equation for each step of the process.
\(\ce{CaCO3}(s)\rightarrow \ce{CaO}(s)+\ce{CO2}(g)\) Answer b\(\ce{CaO}(s)+\ce{H2O}(l)\rightarrow \ce{Ca(OH)2}(s)\) Answer c\(\ce{Ca(OH)2}(s)+\ce{MgCl2}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{Mg(OH)2}(s)+\ce{CaCl2}(aq)\) Answer d\(\ce{Mg(OH)2}(s)+\ce{2HCl}(aq)\rightarrow \ce{MgCl2}(aq)+\ce{2H2O}(l)\) Answer e\(\ce{MgCl2}(s)\rightarrow \ce{Mg}(s)+\ce{Cl2}(g)\) Click here to see a video of the solutionContributors |