Which type of questions provides options and requires respondents to choose one answer a enumeration C open-ended B close ended D None of the above?

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For quizzes, you can create the following question types in Question Library

• True or False (T/F)
• Multiple Choice (M/C)
• Multi-Select (M-S)
• Written Response (WR)
• Short Answer (SA)
• Multi-Short Answer (MSA)
• Fill in the Blanks (FIB)
• Matching (MAT)
• Ordering (ORD)
• Arithmetic (2+2)
• Significant Figures (x10)

Note: For a secure and consistent editing experience in Brightspace, creating any of the following question types automatically filters out JavaScript and non-standard HTML: Likert, Ordering, Matching, Fill in the Blanks, Short Answer, Multi-Short Answer, Arithmetic, and Significant Figures.

Organize questions with sections

You can create sections in Question Library to organize your questions.

To create a section

1. In Question Library, from the New drop-down menu, select Section.
2. Enter a Section Title.
3. To hide the section title from learners, select the Hide Section Title from learners check box.
4. To add a description of this section, enter the Section Text.
5. To hide the section text from learners, select the Hide Section Text from learners check box.
6. To shuffle sections and question pools in this section, select the Shuffle questions in this section check box.
   Note: The shuffle functionality does not cascade to sub-sections.
7. Click Save.

Figure: The create section screen in Question Library

Short descriptions for questions

The Short Description field is used to differentiate quiz questions in Question Library. The Short Description field is only accessible to instructors from Question Library. Learners cannot see this field when taking a quiz or using any kind of tool to see the raw HTML.

Note: When editing or viewing an individual question, the Short Description field displays; however, when viewing all questions from Question Library, the Name column displays, with the Short Description for each quiz question appearing under the Name column.

Create true or false questions

True or false (T/F) questions present a statement which respondents must determine is correct or incorrect.

To create true or false questions

1. In the Question Text field, enter your true or false question. A preview of the question appears in the preview pane as you begin creating the question.
2. In the Answers area, select True or False as the correct answer.
3. Set the number of points for the true or false question.
4. From the Options drop-down list, optionally, specify the following:
   • To add feedback for each answer, select Add Feedback.
   • To add a hint to the question, select Add Hint.
   • To add a short description to the question, select Add Short Description.
   • To select how you want your options to be enumerated, select an option from the Add Enumeration > Enumeration drop-down list.
5. Click Save.

Create multiple choice questions

Multiple choice (M/C) questions present a statement or question with a list of possible answers, in which learners must choose the best possible answer. Multiple choice questions differ from multi-select questions in that learners select one answer for each multiple choice question.

If you create a multiple choice question that has more than one possible solution, you can weight the answer according to the correctness of each possible answer.

For example, if two answer choices out of five options are accepted as correct, both can be weighted 100% and the other three options can be weighted at 0%. If all five answer choices are accepted as correct but some are more correct than others, each can be weighted in ascending order with the most correct answers weighted more than the least correct answers.

To create multiple choice questions

1. In the Question Text* field, enter your multiple choice question. A preview of the question appears in the preview pane as you begin creating the question.
2. In the Answers * area, enter the answers for the multiple choice question.
3. To add additional answers, click Add Answer.
4. If you want to allow each learner to submit random answers, select the Randomize answers for each learner check box.
5. Set the number of points for the multiple choice question.
6. From the Options drop-down list, optionally, specify the following:
   • To add feedback for each answer, select Add Feedback.
   • To add a hint to the question, select Add Hint.
   • To add a percentage weight for each answer, select Add Custom Weights. You can set different weights for each answer if some solutions are more correct than others.
   • To add a short description to the question, select Add Short Description.
   • To select how you want your options to be enumerated, select an option from the Add Enumeration > Enumeration drop-down list.
7. Click Save.

Create multi-select questions

Multi-select (M-S) questions require respondents to identify one or more correct answers in a list of possible answers. Unlike multiple choice (MC) questions, multi-select questions enable you to choose a grading method and allow users to select more than one answer.

To create a multi-select question

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Multi-Select Question (M-S).
2. In the Question Text field, enter your question. As you select the field, a pop-up toolbar displays for formatting the text and adding images, links, and graphical equations. As you complete the field, the preview pane displays how it appear to learners.
3. Under Answers, enter possible answers. Select the check box for each correct answer.
4. To add optional information to the multi-select question, click Options and choose one or more of the following: Add Feedback, Add Hint, Add Short Description, and Add Enumeration. Enter information as required.
5. Optionally, choose Randomize answer order.
6. Specify a value for Default Points and choose a grading method for How are points assigned to blanks?
7. Click Save.

Understanding grading methods for multi-select questions

For determining how points are assigned to blanks, the following grading methods are available in the classic and new multi-select question experience:

• All or Nothing - Learners earn full points only when all correct answers are selected and all incorrect answers are left blank. Learners cannot earn partial points.

• Correct Selections - Points are evenly distributed across all answers. Learners earn partial points for each answer correctly selected and left blank.

• Correct Answers, Limited Selections - Points are evenly distributed across correct answers only. The number of selections allowed is limited to the number of correct answers. Learners earn partial points for each correct answer selected.

• Right Minus Wrong Selections - Points are evenly distributed across all answers. Learners earn partial points for each answer correctly selected and left blank. Learners lose points for answers incorrectly selected or left blank. Learners cannot receive less than 0 points.

Create written response questions

Written response (WR) questions require respondents to write detailed answers in response to open-ended questions. You can enable users to respond in multiple sentences, paragraph answers, or mathematical explanations and calculations, and attach files and images to support their answers.

Users can also respond in HTML code.

Note: HTML code is sometimes stripped from saved written responses if a learner refreshes the page while taking the quiz. As a best practice, encourage users to save a version of their HTML response locally in case they need to refresh the page.

Written response questions are not auto-graded. Quiz attempts that have a combination of auto-graded and written response questions display the status Pending Evaluation on the User and Attempts pages in Quizzes to easily identify attempts that require manual grading by instructors.

To create written response questions

1. In the Question Library, click New, then click Written Response (WR).
2. In the Question Text field, enter your written response question details.
3. If you want learners to be able to format their answer, select the Enable HTML Editor for learner responses check box.
4. To allow learners to attach files and images to support their answers, select the Enable inserted images and attachments check box.
5. In the Default Points field, enter the points learners will receive for answering the whole question correctly.
6. From the Options drop-down list, do one of the following:
   • To add feedback for the answer, select Add Feedback.
   • To add a hint to the question, select Add Hint.
   • To add a short description to the question, select Add Short Description.
   • To add an answer key to assist evaluators in their marking, select Add Answer Key.
   • To add a custom size to the response box, select Add Custom Response Box Size.
   • To add initial text for learner responses, select Add Initial Text and enter the desired text.
7. To verify your question, click Preview.
8. Click Save.

Create short answer questions

Short answer (SA) questions require respondents to create one word or brief sentence answers in response to open-ended questions.

To create short answer questions

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Short Answer Question (SA).
2. In the Question Text field, enter your short answer question details.
3. In the Answers for Blank 1 field, enter your answer(s).
4. From the abc drop-down list for blank 1, select the comparison method, that is Text, Case-Sensitive Text, or Regular Expression. All answers for a blank are assessed using the same comparison method.
5. If you want to add more blanks, click Add Blank and enter your answer(s).
6. For all additional blanks, select the comparison method.
7. In the Default Points field, enter the points learners will receive for answering the question correctly.
8. From the How are points assigned to blanks? drop down list, select one of the following options:
   • Students will receive part marks - The default points for each blank are calculated automatically and evenly distributed.
   • Students must answer all blanks correctly - The default points will only be awarded if the learner answers all blanks accurately.
9. From the Options drop-down list, do one of the following:
   • To add overall feedback for the answer, select Add Feedback.
   • To add a hint to the question, select Add Hint.
   • To add a short description to the question, select Add Short Description.
10. To verify your question, click Preview.
11. Click Save.

Note: As a best practice, D2L recommends that the weight of each possible solution equals 100% if you require only one answer. If your question requires multiple answers, and each answer has several possible solutions, we recommend that the combined weight of each answer's most correct solution be equal to 100%.

Create multi-short answer questions

Multi-short answer (MSA) questions require respondents to answer a multi-solution question and input their answers into individual input boxes. Respondent's answers are checked against each possible answer stored in the answer fields. D2L recommends that the required number of answers corresponds with the number of input boxes provided.

An MSA question's maximum point value is reflected by a 100% weight. As a best practice, D2L recommends that each possible answer's weight calculation equals 100% divided by the number of answers required by the question.

Multi-short answer questions differ from short answer (SA) questions in that the multi-short answer question enables you to create multiple answer boxes which all relate to one answer set; short answer questions also support multiple answer boxes, but each requires a distinct set of possible answers. The short answer question type is ideal if you need to create a multi-part question that cannot share the same answer pool.

For example, the question "Name 3 state capitals" displays three input boxes to users. Each answer users submit is checked against 51 possible correct answers stored in the answer fields and each answer field has a weight of 33.3%.

To create multi-short answer questions

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Multi-Short Answer Question (MSA).
2. In the General area, enter your multi-short answer question details.
3. In the Options area, do the following:
   • In the Input boxes field, enter the number of required answer fields you want your question to have. You can assign the number of rows and columns for each answer field.
   • In the Answer fields, enter the correct answers for your question, the weight for each answer (you can set different weights if some solutions are more correct than others), and how you want the answers to be evaluated.
   • To assign more possible answers for the question, click Add Answer.
4. To verify your answer, click Preview.

Create fill in the blanks questions

Fill in the blanks (FIB) questions require respondents to fill in one or more missing words for an incomplete sentence, statement, phrase, list, or key terminology.

As a best practice, D2L recommends that answers in blank fields be no more than one or two words to ensure auto-grading accuracy. Your listed order of blank and text fields corresponds with the sequence displayed to users.

An FIB question's maximum point value is reflected by a 100% weight. As a best practice, the combined weight of your answers should equal 100%. If your FIB question has multiple blank fields and each blank field has several possible answers, D2L recommends the combined weight of each blank field's most correct answer equals 100%.

To create fill in the blanks questions

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Fill in the Blanks Question (FIB).
2. In the General area, enter your fill in the blanks question details.
3. In the Question Text area, do the following:
   • Enter your text.
   • In the Blank #1 area, enter your information, including the answer to the text, the weight you want to assign the answer (you can set different weights if some solutions are more correct than others), and how you want to evaluate the answer.
   • To assign more possible answers for the blank, click Add Answer.
   • To add more blanks to the question, click Add Blank.
   • To add more text to the question, click Add Text.
4. To verify your question, click Preview.

Understanding grading options for short answer, multi-short answer, and fill in the blanks questions

There are three possible grading options for short answer, multi-short answer, and fill in the blanks questions:

• Case Insensitive -Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text with or without letter case correctness.
• Case Sensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text that must have letter case correctness.
• Regular Expression - Auto-grading uses meta-characters to search for one or more matching strings in the answer text's character pattern. What you set as meta-character parameters helps determine letter case sensitivity.

Create matching questions

Matching (MAT) questions require respondents to choose from a set of possible match choices from drop-down lists and correctly pair them with related items. This question type enables you to assess users' recognition of information and demonstrate comprehension of specific relationships.

To create matching questions

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Matching Question (MAT).
2. In the General area, enter your matching question details.
3. In the Choices area, do the following:
   • Select the grading method for the question.
   • In each Value field, enter a choice.
   • To add additional values for the question, click Add Choice.
4. In the Matches area, do the following:
   • In each Value field, enter a choice.
   • To add additional matches for the question, click Add Match.
   • From the drop-down list for each matching value, select the corresponding Correct Choice.
5. To verify your question, click Preview.

Create ordering questions

Ordering (ORD) questions require respondents to arrange a series of items into a correct sequence or order.

To create ordering questions

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Ordering Question (ORD).
2. In the General area, enter your ordering question details.
3. In the Options area, do the following:
   • Select your grading method.
   • In each Value field, enter a choice. To add more values, click Add Item.
   • From the Correct Order drop-down list for each value, set the order of the values. The first value in the correct order should be "1".
4. To verify your question, click Preview.

Understanding grading options for matching and ordering questions

There are three possible grading options for matching and ordering questions:

• Equally weighted - The total point value is divided equally among all possible correct matches. Users receive equally weighted points for each correct answer.
• All or nothing - Users receive full points for the question if they select all of the correct answers and none of the incorrect answers. Users receive zero points if they miss any correct answers or select any incorrect answers.
• Right minus wrong - Users receive points equal to the number of right answers they choose minus the number of incorrect answers they choose. To determine how much each answer is worth, the system takes the total number of points assigned to the question and divides it by the total number of answer choices. For example, if a question is worth 10 points and has 5 answer choices, each correct answer is worth 2 points, and each incorrect answer is worth - 2 points (10/5 = 2). If a user gives 3 correct answers and 2 incorrect answers, 2 is the total number of points received for the question [(3*2)+(2*-2)]. Users can receive a minimum of zero on a question; they cannot receive a negative mark.

Create arithmetic questions

Arithmetic questions enable you to assess users' knowledge and comprehension of mathematics and number theory. You can ensure each respondent receives a unique question by including variables enclosed with curly braces that randomly generate numbers within the problem. For example, if you set variables x, y, and z with a Min 1 to Max 5 number range in 1-step increments, the question “You have {x} green marbles, {y} red marbles, and {z} blue marbles. How many marbles do you have in total?” will randomly generate a rational number (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) for {x}, {y}, and {z}.

In arithmetic questions, use answer precision to limit the number of acceptable decimal places allowed in a response. You can require that correct answers contain a specific number of decimal places.

To create arithmetic questions

1. In Question Library, from the New button, click Arithmetic Question (2+2).
2. In the Title field, enter an optional title for your question.
3. In the Points* field, enter the number of points a learner will receive for answering the question correctly.
4. Set the Difficulty level for the question.
5. In the Question Text field, enter your arithmetic question text.
   Note: The character limit is 512.
6. To add an image to your arithmetic question, click Insert an Image and select the image you want to add and enter a description for the image.
7. To enable learners to add attachments to support their answers, select the Allow attachments to support answers check box.
8. Enter your arithmetic question Formula using the following supported operations, functions, and constants:
   

   Enumerations	Description
   +,-,*,/,\,^	Basic mathematical operators
   %	Modulo (remainder) operator
   {x}^{y}	x to the power of y
   abs({n})	Absolute value of n
   cos({n})	The cosine of n (in radians)
   sin({n})	The sine of n (in radians)
   sqr({n})	The square root of n
   tan({n})	The tangent of n (in radians)
   log({n})	The log base 10 of n
   ln({n})	The log base e of n
   atan({n})	The inverse tangent of n
   sec({n})	The secant of n
   cosec({n})	The cosecant of n
   cotan({n})	The cotangent of n
   Factorial	Factorial of n, or (n!)
   exp	The power of natural log (e)
   pi	pi 3.14159 (accurate up to 50 decimal places)
   e	e 2.71828 (accurate up to 50 decimal places)

   
   To verify your formula before sharing it with learners, click Test.
9. In arithmetic questions, use answer precision to limit the number of acceptable decimal places allowed in a response. You can require that correct answers contain a specific number of decimal places.
10. From the Answer Precision drop-down menu, select the number of acceptable decimal places allowed in a response and select the enforce precision check box to require correct answers to contain this specific number of decimal places.
11. Use Tolerance levels to accept near-accurate, estimated, or rounded answers.
12. To assess if answers include correct units of measurement, enter a unit type (mm, cm, grams, inches, etc.), and set one of the following Evaluation Options:
    • Case Insensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text with or without letter case correctness.
    • Case Sensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text that must have letter case correctness.
    • Regular Expression - Auto-grading uses meta-characters to search for one or more matching strings in the answer text's character pattern. What you set as meta-character parameters helps determine letter case sensitivity.

13. To assign a weighted points value to the measurement unit, from the Worth: drop-down menu, select a percentage.

14. In the Variables area, do the following:
    • Create any variables you want to use with your question by giving the variable a Name, a minimum value in Min, and a maximum value in Max.
    • Set the number of decimals to provide in the Decimal Places drop-down list.
      
    • To set the system's incrementing steps as it generates numbers from the range set by the Min and Max fields, in the Step field, enter a number.
15. Enter a Question Hint and Question Feedback.
16. To verify your question, click Preview.
17. Click Save.

Create significant figures questions

Significant figures questions require respondents to answer in scientific notation and provide solutions that contain a specified number of significant figures. Math and science courses commonly use this question type. You can ensure each respondent receives a unique question by including variables enclosed with curly braces that randomly generate scientific notations within the problem.

To create significant figures question

1. In Question Library, from the New button, click Significant Figures (x10).
2. In the Title field, enter an optional title for your question.
3. In the Points* field, enter the number of points a learner will receive for answering the question correctly.
4. Set the Difficulty level for the question.
5. In the Question Text field, enter your arithmetic question text.
6. To add an image to your arithmetic question, click Insert an Image and select the image you want to add and enter a description for the image.
7. To enable learners to add attachments to support their answers, select the Allow attachments to support answers check box.
8. Enter your arithmetic question Formula using the following supported operations, functions, and constants:
   

   Enumerations	Description
   +,-,*,/,\,^	Basic mathematical operators
   %	Modulo (remainder) operator
   {x}^{y}	x to the power of y
   abs({n})	Absolute value of n
   cos({n})	The cosine of n (in radians)
   sin({n})	The sine of n (in radians)
   sqr({n})	The square root of n
   tan({n})	The tangent of n (in radians)
   log({n})	The log base 10 of n
   ln({n})	The log base e of n
   atan({n})	The inverse tangent of n
   sec({n})	The secant of n
   cosec({n})	The cosecant of n
   cotan({n})	The cotangent of n
   Factorial	Factorial of n, or (n!)
   exp	The power of natural log (e)
   pi	pi 3.14159 (accurate up to 50 decimal places)
   e	e 2.71828 (accurate up to 50 decimal places)

   
   To verify your formula before sharing it with learners, click Test.
9. From the Significant Figures drop-down menu, select the number of significant figures the response should contain.
10. From the Deduct drop-down menu, select the percentage of the answer's score to deduct for including incorrect significant figures in a response.
11. Use Tolerance levels to accept near-accurate, estimated, or rounded answers.
12. To assess if answers include correct units of measurement, enter a unit type (mm, cm, grams, inches, etc.), and set one of the following Evaluation Options:
    • Case Insensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text with or without letter case correctness.
    • Case Sensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text that must have letter case correctness.
    • Regular Expression - Auto-grading uses meta-characters to search for one or more matching strings in the answer text's character pattern. What you set as meta-character parameters helps determine letter case sensitivity.
13. In the Variables area, do the following:
    • Create any variables you want to use with your question by giving the variable a Name, a minimum value in the Min field, and a maximum value in the Max field.
    • To set the system's incrementing steps as it generates numbers from the range set by the Min and Max fields, enter a number in the Step field.
14. To verify your question, click Preview.

Understanding arithmetic and significant figures question components

In arithmetic questions, use answer precision to limit the number of acceptable decimal places allowed in a response. You can require that correct answers contain a specific number of decimal places.

In significant figure questions, you can select a percentage of the answer's score to deduct for including incorrect significant figures in a response.

Use tolerance levels to accept near-accurate, estimated, or rounded answers.

Types of supported enumerations in the Formula field

The Formula field supports the following operations, functions, and constants:

Understanding Brightspace rounding rules

When rounding, Brightspace automatically applies the Round to Half Even rounding rule when assessing answers that contain decimal places that end with "5". Currently, there are no options to change rounding rules. Applying the Round to Half Even rule, answers with decimal places that end with "5" will round down instead of round up.

Example One: 3.41 * 25 = 85.25

If you create an arithmetic question and set the Answer Precision to 1, the correct answer using Round to Half Even is 85.2.

Example Two: -3.41* 25 = -85.25

If you create an arithmetic question and set the Answer Precision to 1, the correct answer using Round to Half Even is -85.2.

You can enter a unit type (mm, cm, grams, inches, etc.) to assess if answers include correct units of measurement. For significant figures questions, you can select a percentage to assign a weighted points value to the measurement unit. If you use units in your question, you can set the following Evaluation options:

• Case Insensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text with or without letter case correctness.
• Case Sensitive - Auto-grading searches for a matching character pattern in the answer text that must have letter case correctness.
• Regular Expression - Auto-grading uses meta-characters to search for one or more matching strings in the answer text's character pattern. What you set as meta-character parameters helps determine letter case sensitivity.

Create Likert questions

Create Likert (LIK) questions to measure subjective information such as personal opinions, knowledge, abilities, and attitudes. Likert questions enable you to create surveys that evaluate the intensity of respondents' feelings towards statements presented to them.

There are seven measurement scales available to Likert questions: One to Five (1 to 5), One to Eight (1 to 8), Agreement Scale (Disagree–Agree), Satisfaction Scale (Dissatisfied–Satisfied), Frequency Scale (Never–Always), Importance Scale (Unimportant–Important), and Opposition Scale (Oppose–Support).

You can only access Likert questions through the Surveys tool and Question Library. Similar to self assessments, all question types you import into surveys automatically omit point value and difficulty level indicators.

To create likert questions

1. In the Question Library, from the New button, click Likert Question (LIK).
2. In the General area, enter your Likert question details.
3. In the Questions area, do the following:
   • Select the Scale you want the question to use.
   • In each Value field, enter a statement. To include additional statements, click Add Option.
4. To verify your question, click Preview.

Understanding regular expressions

Regular expressions give users grading certain question types the ability to evaluate responses against a set of acceptable values. A regular expression uses alpha-numeric and meta-characters to create a pattern that describes one or more strings that must be identically matched within a body of text.

You can use regular expressions in short answer, multi-short answer, arithmetic, significant figures, and fill in the blanks questions.

For example, the fill in the blank question "What word describes red, blue, green, yellow, pink, etc." can use regular expressions for the answer "colou?r*"

Characters used in regular expressions