Which of the following statements is true regarding the traditional peer review process?

A) Under single-blind review, the identity of the reviewer is revealed to the author.
B) Under double-blind review, the identity of the reviewer is revealed to the author.
C) Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the reviewer.
D) Under double-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the reviewer.

Answer Explanation

Which of the following statements is true regarding the traditional peer review process?

The correct answer for the given question is C) Under single-blind review, the identity of the author is revealed to the reviewer.

The traditional method of peer review is single or double blind. The most common type of review is a single blind review, in which reviewers know the identities of authors, but authors do not know the identities of reviewers. The authors and the reviewers cannot know each other’s identities in a double-blind peer review. Most authors believe that double-blind reviews are better and less biased, in principle, than single-blind reviews, but they doubt that true blinding can be achieved.

There is no double-blind peer review for 97% of the journals surveyed by editors-in-chief, editors, and editorial board members. Due to the difficulty of truly masking the content and references, most respondents deemed double blinding unnecessary. The panel believed that double blinding would make the detection of fraud more difficult, and considered the current system satisfactory.

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