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Calculation:
Let the Cost price of book Rs. x
The selling price of a loss of 10%,
⇒ x × 90/100 = Rs. 90x/100
Now,
S.P. at a gain of 4%,
⇒ x × 104/100 = Rs. 104x/100
According to the question:
Rs. 90x/100 - Rs. 104x/100 = Rs. 140
⇒ (104x - 90x)/100 =140
⇒ 14x/100 = 140
⇒ x = Rs. 1000
∴ The cost price is Rs. 1000.
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Let the cost price of the book and the pen be B and P respectively.
When the book is sold at 10% loss, selling price of the book = 0.9 B, and loss = 0.1 B
When the pen is sold at 20% profit, selling price of the pen = 1.2 P and profit = 0.2 P
Given, When the book is sold at 10% loss and the pen at 20% profit, there is no profit and no loss
⇒ 0.1 B = 0.2 P
⇒ B : P = 2 : 1
Now,
When the book is sold at 5% profit, selling price of the book = 1.05 B
According to the question:
1.05 B + 1.2 P - 0.9 B - 1.2 P = 60
⇒ 0,15 B = 60
⇒ B = 400
⇒ P = Rs.200 (∵ B : P = 2 : 1)
∴ The cost price of the pen = Rs.200
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